Data / Solar yield
Solar yield
How much electricity a kilowatt of panels makes in a year, by place. The only pure physics on the site.
- Records
- 25
- With their own source
- 25
- Carrying a caveat
- 7
- Verified
- 2026-09-05
What this decides
System sizing and every year of production, including the size pages.
Modelled for a 1 kW reference system at the coordinates in each row: 20° tilt, 180° azimuth, 14% system losses, standard modules.
Every record
| Record | Yield | Coordinates | Verified | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arizona (statewide) statewide | 1,755 kWh | 33.45, -112.07 | 2026-09-05 | developer.nlr.gov |
| Austin, Texas city | 1,483 kWh | 30.27, -97.74 | 2026-09-05 | developer.nlr.gov |
| Boston, Massachusetts city | 1,302 kWh | 42.36, -71.06 | 2026-09-05 | developer.nlr.gov |
| California (statewide) statewide | 1,677 kWh | 34.05, -118.24 | 2026-09-05 | developer.nlr.gov |
| Chicago, Illinois city | 1,308 kWh | 41.88, -87.63 | 2026-09-05 | developer.nlr.gov |
| Colorado (statewide) statewidenot published | 1,595 kWh | 39.74, -104.99 | 2026-09-05 | developer.nlr.gov |
| Connecticut (statewide) statewide | 1,252 kWh | 41.76, -72.69 | 2026-09-05 | developer.nlr.gov |
| Florida (statewide) statewide | 1,544 kWh | 28.54, -81.38 | 2026-09-05 | developer.nlr.gov |
| Georgia (statewide) statewidenot published | 1,402 kWh | 33.75, -84.39 | 2026-09-05 | developer.nlr.gov |
| Hawaii (statewide) statewidenot published | 1,622 kWh | 21.31, -157.86 | 2026-09-05 | developer.nlr.gov |
| Illinois (statewide) statewide | 1,308 kWh | 41.88, -87.63 | 2026-09-05 | developer.nlr.gov |
| Maryland (statewide) statewide | 1,392 kWh | 39.29, -76.61 | 2026-09-05 | developer.nlr.gov |
| Massachusetts (statewide) statewide | 1,302 kWh | 42.36, -71.06 | 2026-09-05 | developer.nlr.gov |
| Nevada (statewide) statewidenot published | 1,753 kWh | 36.17, -115.14 | 2026-09-05 | developer.nlr.gov |
| New Jersey (statewide) statewide | 1,305 kWh | 40.74, -74.17 | 2026-09-05 | developer.nlr.gov |
| New York (statewide) statewide | 1,291 kWh | 40.71, -74.01 | 2026-09-05 | developer.nlr.gov |
| Newark, New Jersey city | 1,305 kWh | 40.74, -74.17 | 2026-09-05 | developer.nlr.gov |
| North Carolina (statewide) statewidenot published | 1,446 kWh | 35.23, -80.84 | 2026-09-05 | developer.nlr.gov |
| Orlando, Florida city | 1,544 kWh | 28.54, -81.38 | 2026-09-05 | developer.nlr.gov |
| Pennsylvania (statewide) statewide | 1,359 kWh | 39.95, -75.17 | 2026-09-05 | developer.nlr.gov |
| Phoenix, Arizona city | 1,755 kWh | 33.45, -112.07 | 2026-09-05 | developer.nlr.gov |
| San Diego, California city | 1,675 kWh | 32.72, -117.16 | 2026-09-05 | developer.nlr.gov |
| Seattle, Washington citynot published | 1,088 kWh | 47.61, -122.33 | 2026-09-05 | developer.nlr.gov |
| Texas (statewide) statewide | 1,506 kWh | 32.78, -96.8 | 2026-09-05 | developer.nlr.gov |
| Washington (statewide) statewidenot published | 1,088 kWh | 47.61, -122.33 | 2026-09-05 | developer.nlr.gov |
Source column links the page or endpoint the value was read from. Where a row has no link of its own, it inherits the file-level source.
NLR (formerly NREL) PVWatts v8 API, 1 kW reference system
Take it
- solar-yield.json
The file the engine actually reads, unaltered, with the documentation blocks it carries.
- solar-yield.csv
The 25 records flattened for a spreadsheet: value, verified date, source, caveats, note.
Our compilation is free to reuse with a link back. The underlying data is not ours to license — follow the source on any row for the authoritative version and its own terms. The full position.
The rest of the data
- Electricity prices
What a residential kilowatt-hour costs, by state. The single biggest driver of whether solar pays.
- Installed cost
What a system costs installed, on both published bases: competitive quotes, and what buyers actually paid.
- Export rules
What the utility pays for a kilowatt-hour you send out. Decides payback more than sunshine does.
- State incentives
What a buyer can actually claim from a state, read from the statute or programme that grants it.
- Federal policy
The federal credit as data, versioned by year, with the dated events that changed it.
- Modelling assumptions
Everything the model assumes rather than sources: panel wattage, degradation, loan terms, escalation.
Published 6 September 2026. Last verified 5 September 2026. A figure here that looks wrong is the mail we most want: tell us, and we publish corrections. The formulas that consume these records are on the methodology page.